Visions at a Distance
Device-Independent Cryptography
Traditional cryptography assumes secure software, hardware and networks. In an age of super-humanly skilled AI coding models, that assumption has become untenable.
The End of “No One Has Broken This Yet”
Computational security has only ever meant that nobody has broken a scheme yet — a statement about how many reviewers looked, and for how long. Those review hours are now purchasable by the kilowatt.
No Such Thing as Verified Hardware
A cryptographic chip packs billions of transistors at the scale of atoms. Certification means a sample was examined once and a document now exists; what a chip does with your key never shows at the pins.
Security Stops at the Interface
Strip the implementation away and a protocol is agents, the choices they make, the outcomes they observe, and who may talk to whom. Prove security from that alone and the maker's malice has nowhere to act.
Keys Born Certified
A device-independent protocol either passes its own test or produces nothing. A failed run does not yield a weakened key, it yields no key at all — and says so. Every key that exists is born certified.
Quantum Money
Money you can hold in the palm of your hand, and transact across the stars: self-sovereign, peer-to-peer, and unforgeable by the laws of physics. Fifty years of quantum information has been the apprenticeship for it.
Four Demands
Money must be unclonable, self-custodial, transferable locally and at a distance, and transactable privately and undeniably. Not a theorem but a definition — and a scorecard for every carrier of value.
Five Thousand Years of Compromises
Coins bought scarcity by trusting the mint. Banknotes freed value from bullion, but moved no faster than the ship. E-money crossed the planet in seconds and gave up everything else. Convenience, paid for in sovereignty.
Consensus Is the Last Middleman
Web3 restored self-custody, and solved digital unclonability by making the whole world a mint. But a system that needs the world to agree on the order of transactions has hired back the intermediary it evicted.
Unforgeable by Physics
Forgery stops being an engineering problem, or an economic one, and becomes a physical impossibility — derived from contextuality, a resource extracted from quantum systems rather than from hard maths.